We all use electricity every day. From the moment our electric clock wakes us up in the morning until we turn the light off for bed at night. It has become so common place, that we take it for granted. I am going to discuss the various parts of an electrical circuit and what happens when you have all the pieces connected correctly.
Main Properties of Electricity
•pressure (voltage)
•current (amps)
•resistance (ohms)
Electricity begins in atoms. These are the tiny microscopic building blocks that make up everything. We will talk about atoms in another article, but for now just bear with me. Atoms are made up of protrons, neutrons and electrons. It is the electrons that we are most interested in. The process of atoms moving their electrons in a path (or circuit) is electrical current.
Voltage is the force that makes these electrons jump from atom to atom. In a typical DC (Direct Current) circuit such as a flashlight, the voltage is created by the battery. In the diagram, you see there is a battery which is connected to a light bulb. The voltage from the battery is stimulating the electrons in the circuit to give up electrons. The electrons are moving from the negative side of the battery (the black line shown with a minus “-” sign). When the electrons reach the light bulb, it converts these extra electrons to light and then passes them back to the battery through the positive line (the red line shown with a “+” sign).
Resistance slows down the flow of electrons. We get some resistance just from the wires coming out of the battery. The smaller the wires the greater the resistance. The main source of resistance in our example is the light bulb itself. The filament causes the flowing electrons to enter a smaller space.
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